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Why Women Are Stripey
- Published_at:2014-06-04
- Category:Education
- Channel:Veritasium
- tags:
- description: Epigenetics means women have different active x-chromosomes in different cells. Animation courtesy of http://wehi.tv Music by Amarante: http://bit.ly/VeAmarante Animation: Etsuko Uno Art and Technical Direction: Drew Berry Sound Design: Francois Tetaz & Emma Bortignon Scientific Consultation: Marnie Blewitt Courtesy of Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research: http://wehi.tv When a female embryo is four days old it consists of just 100 cells. At this point the x-chromosome from Mom and the one from Dad are both active. But in order for proper development to occur, one of the x chromosomes must be switched off. Through a tiny molecular battle within each cell, one of the x-chromosomes wins and remains active while the loser is deactivated. This is done by wrapping the DNA tighter around proteins, modifying histone tails, and DNA methylation - molecular markers to indicate this DNA should not be read. What's surprising is that it's pretty random which x chromosome wins - sometimes it's Mom's and sometimes it's Dad's. So when a female is just 100 cells big, her cells have a mix of active x-chromosomes, some from Mom and some from Dad.
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| 2014-06-06 | 210,451 | 11,376 | 344 |
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| 2014-06-07 | 397,092 | 13,197 | 476 |
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| 2014-06-11 | 585,708 | 17,308 | 1,740 |
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